Design and Analysis of a Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna for Wi-Fi Base Station

Abstract

A unique concept for design of a pattern reconfigurable antenna and its simulation using CST-MW simulator is presented in this research. The proposed design is a special type of patch antenna and capable to make coverage at two directions without changing any common properties of a typical antenna. This antenna is able to reconfigure the beam pattern automatically, by using a pair of waveguide port without using any type of switching mechanism. The proposed antenna is able to switch the radiation beam from one direction to its 1800 reverse angle without changing its operating frequency that is 2.4 GHz. Besides, Wi- Fi technology is the most popular and widely accepted WLAN (wireless local area network) that operated at 2.4 GHz. So, this proposed antenna may have been easily adopted by Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) technology. This antenna provides wider bandwidth that is 455 MHz. This enormous bandwidth makes the speed of data flow at higher rate along the WLAN, that’s the more advantageous for designing a base station. The CST simulator carried out the simulated result of return loss is -24.5 dB that is acceptable for telecommunication transmitter or receiver. It covers the region of 480 to 1310 and 2280 to 3120 in azimuth plane. The footprint of the radiation beam pattern is 820 (3dB points) for both ports. The beam of the antenna focuses at these directions with directivity of 1.8 dBi. The simulated VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) value of antenna is 1.12 for both ports that can be chosen able for wireless communication technology. It’s compactness in size and fabrication simplicity are the attracting features for the base station designer. Thus, this proposed antenna can be easily embedded in Wi-Fi system.