Numerical Modeling on Solid Cone Nozzle without a Vane Swirler

Abstract

The performance parameters like the coefficient of discharge Cd and the spray cone Angle W of a swirl spray solid cone nozzle without a vane swirler have been studied numerically. The numerical computation of flow through the nozzle is performed by solving the conservation equations of mass and momentum using MAC (Marker and Cell) algorithm. The standard k-E model of turbulence is adopted for computations of turbulent quantities. The values of coefficient of discharge Cd and spray cone angle W have been evaluated from the radial distributions of velocity components of liquid flow at the nozzle exit. It has been observed that the coefficient of discharge Cd remains almost independent and the spray cone angle w decreases with the Reynolds number Re of the flow at inlet to the nozzle for a given flow ratio qr (the ratio of flow rate through inlet central port to the total flow through the nozzle), diameter ratios D21D1 and D01D1. It is also found to decrease Cd and increase W with the decrease in Dç/D1 ratio for a given Re, qr,, D21D1 and D0/D1. Again, for a given Re, D2/D1 and DT/Dl an increase in flow ratio q increases the value of Cd and decreases the value of ji. However, the influence of q on Cd is prominent at lower values of diameter ratios D2/D1 from 0.125 to 0.21 and the spray cone angle y on the other hand, is almost uninfluenced of qr for all values of D21D1 below 0.37, while p increases when D2/D1 is increased beyond 0.37. The increase of W is more prominent in the lower range of qr. The solid cone nozzles without a vane swirler show similar trends of variation of performance parameters with the existing results of other authors on solid cone nozzle with a vane swirler. The nozzle without vane swirler produces lower values of Cd and higher values ofji than those of nozzle with a vane swirler for the same conditions. The nozzle of the present work would be less costly and provides higher spray cone angle 'p which could produce better atomization as well.